2017年全国二卷高考（2017年全国二卷高考英语语法填空真题详解及拓展）

（2017全国二）

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London．It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible （61）　 　（crowd） on the roads above as they travelled to and （62）　 　 work．It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method．This included digging up the road，（63）　 　（lay） the track and then building a strong roof over （64）　 　 top．When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced．

Steam engines（65）　 　（use） to pull the carriages and it must have been（66）　 　（fair）unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise．However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using （67）　 　 every day．

Later，engineers（68）　 　（manage） to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道），which became known as the tube．This development was only possible with the （69）　 　 （introduce）of electric-powered engines and lifts．The Central London Railway was one of the most（70）　 　（success） of these new lines，and was opened in 1900．It had white﹣painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public．

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详解及拓展笔记：

61 avoid (doing) sth.

拥挤-crowding？人群-crowd(s)？

A small crowd gathered outside the church.

I want to get there early to avoid the crowds.

62 travel to and from work/school

a journey to and from work/school

63 动名词作宾语

include (doing) sth.

lay-laid-laid vt.放置；铺；涂；下（蛋）laying

lie-lied-lied vi.说谎 lying

lie-lay-lain vi.躺；位于lying

69 名词构词法以-tion结尾的名词

生产produce-production介绍introduce-introduction 减少reduce-reduction

保护conserve-conservation保护preserve-preservation预定reserve-reservation