英语高考听力音频（2021年高考英语全国乙卷word精校）

绝密★启用前

河南省2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷，适用于：安徽、河南、山西、甘肃、陕西、黑龙江、吉林、宁夏、新疆、青海、内蒙古）

注意事项：

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

What is the man doing?

A. Asking the way.

B. Giving directions.

C. Correcting a mistake.

2. What dress size does the woman want?

A. 8.

B. 10.

C. 12.

3. What is the woman likely to do?

A. Make a phone call.

B. Handle the problem.

C. Have a rest.

4. Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?

A. The evening tour.

B. The half-day tour.

C. The full-day tour.

5. Where are the speakers?

A. At a canteen.

B. At a clinic.

C. At a bank.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does the woman think of the match?

A. Entertaining.

B. Discouraging.

C. Boring.

7. What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?

A. Watch a game.

B. Play tennis.

C. Go to the cinema.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What does the man advise Mrs.White to do?

A. Go on a diet.

B. Do more exercise.

C. Get enough sleep.

9. Which can be included in Mrs. White’s breakfast?

A. Eggs.

B. Sausages.

C. Porridge.

10. What is the man?

A. A teacher.

B. A physician.

C. A chef.

听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。

11. How does Nancy look to Daniel?

A. Confused.

B. Excited.

C. Anxious.

12. Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play?

A. To comfort Nancy.

B. To express his regret.

C. To show his pride.

13. What is Nancy going to do next week?

A. Take a school test

B. Have a check-up.

C. Go in for a competition.

14. What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?

A. Rewrite her lines.

B. Drive her to the theatre.

C. Help her with the practice.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。

15. What was Prof. Stone's grandfather afraid of?

A. Leaving his home.

B. Parting from his son.

C. Taking early retirement.

16. What does old age mean to many elderly Americans?

A. Lack of moral support.

B. Loss of self-worth.

C. Change of living habits.

17. What will Prof Stone talk about next concerning elderly people?

A. Public services they ask for.

B. Health care available to them.

C. Contributions they can make.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What does the speaker's mother want her to be?

A. A confident person.

B. A warm-hearted person.

C. A humorous person.

19. Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood?

A. She often traveled by herself.

B. Her family moved frequently.

C. Her mother was busy working.

20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A. Importance of home schooling.

B. Mother-daughter relationship.

C. A role model in her family.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

The Biggest Stadiums in the World

People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.

These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.

For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.

All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.

• Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R. Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.

• Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927.

• Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, I960.

• Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922.

• Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.

21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?

A. 104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000.

22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?

A. Michigan Stadium.

B. Beaver Stadium.

C. Ohio Stadium.

D. Kyle Field.

23. What do the listed stadiums have in common?

A. They host big games.

B. They have become tourist attractions.

C. They were built by Americans.

D. They are favored by architects.

参考答案：21-23 DCA

本文选自Newsweek。Newsweek一般指新闻周刊（美国杂志）。《新闻周刊》是美国时政杂志中因评论优秀而获得荣誉最多的周刊，与《时代周刊》、《美国新闻与世界报道》并称为美国三大新闻周刊。它是一份在纽约出版，在美国和加拿大发行的新闻类周刊。在美国，它是仅次于《时代》的周刊，但是有时它的广告收入超过了《时代》。在发行量上，它超过了《美国新闻和世界报道》。在这三份期刊中，《新闻周刊》通常被视作观点比《时代》更自由而比《美国新闻和世界报道》更保守。原文链接：https://www.newsweek.com/pictures-50-biggest-stadiums-world-capacity-stadia-887505

文章是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当今世界上最大的体育场馆。

21. D 细节理解题 根据题干关键词第一段中的the Circus Maximus可知，应从第一段中查找信息。由第一段最后一句However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.可知，Circus Maximus能容纳大约25万人。small fry意为：(相比较之下)不重要的人(或事物)。accommodate 为(某人)提供住宿(或膳宿、座位等)；容纳；为……提供空间。

22. C 细节理解题 文章最后部分是目前世界上仍在使用中的几个大型体育场馆的基本信息，定位选项中提及的几个体育场馆，比较其开放时间可知，应选C项。它是1922年10月7日开放的，是最早开放的，所以是最老的。

23. A 细节理解题 根据第四段All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.可知，此处明确提到了All these stadiums的一个共同之处是：still hosting the biggest events in the world sport.此处的biggest events等同于选项A中的big games，event的一个义项是“（体育运动的）比赛项目”。有些同学可能会误选B项，但是通篇文章虽然在介绍当今世界上最大的体育场馆，包括体育场馆的历史、今昔对比，现存几个最大场馆的基本情况等，却没有明确信息显示这些场馆都成了景点。

知识点：

Colosseum：colosseum一般指罗马斗兽场（意大利古罗马竞技场）。罗马斗兽场（意大利语：Colosseo、英语：Colosseum），原名弗拉维圆形剧场（Amphitheatrum Flavium），又译为罗马角斗场、科洛西姆竞技场。是古罗马帝国专供奴隶主、贵族和自由民观看斗兽或奴隶角斗的地方。

意大利古罗马竞技场是古罗马文明的象征。遗址位于意大利首都罗马市中心，它在威尼斯广场的南面，古罗马市场附近。

1980年罗马斗兽场作为罗马历史中心的一部分，被联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会作为文化遗产列入《世界遗产名录》。

Circus Maximus：马克西穆斯竞技场是一个古罗马竞技场，位于意大利罗马市，坐落于阿文提诺山与帕拉蒂尼山之间。马克西穆斯竞技场是古罗马时代第一个竞技场，也是最大的一座。马克西穆斯竞技场长621米，宽118米，当时可以容纳25万名观众。马克西穆斯竞技场也是古罗马时代建造竞技场的典范。

B

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)?

These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.

Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.

More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (因素)—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.

Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).

How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?

24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?

A. Their target users.

B. Their wide popularity.

C. Their major functions.

D. Their complex design.

25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Admit.

B. Argue.

C. Remember.

D. Remark.

26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?

A. They like smartphone games.

B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.

C. They keep using landline phones.

D. They are attached to their family.

27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?

A. It remains a family necessity.

B. It will fall out of use some day.

C. It may increase daily expenses.

D. It is as important as the gas light.

参考答案：24-27 BACB

本文选自The Sydney Morning Herald。《悉尼先驱晨报》是澳大利亚英文对开日报。在悉尼出版。该报于1831年创刊，时为周刊，名为《悉尼先驱报》，1840年改为日报，1840年8月改用现名，1853年后一直由费尔法克斯家族控制。读者主要是悉尼工商界及各地知识分子。日发行量25万份。该报由约翰·费尔法克斯（John Fairfax）和查尔斯·肯普（Charles Kemp）创办。1841年在报名上加上“晨”字（ Morning），现全名为The Sydney Morning Herald。

该报是澳大利亚至今连续出版的最古老的报纸，主要面向中上层社会读者。该报保持了高级报纸的风格，它的金融版、国际新闻和联邦首都新闻都较有特色。它与《世纪报》一起，被誉为澳大利亚最有影响的报纸，在世界上也有一定声望。

《悉尼先驱晨报》属于布莱克集团，平均每天50个版，2005年发行量21万份。这篇文章选自《悉尼先驱晨报》2017年7月31日的一篇文章：When will Aussies retire their home phone?

。原文链接：https://www.smh.com.au/technology/when-will-aussies-retire-their-home-phone-20170731-gxm209.html

本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了澳大利亚人保留座机的现象及其原因。

24.B 主旨大意题 第二段提到，现在在澳大利亚你很难找到一个年龄在15岁以上没有手机的人。事实上，很多更小些的孩子也都人手一部手机。大家随时随地都能接打手机。由此可见，这些都是在说手机在现在澳大利亚的普及程度，故选B项。

25.A 词义猜测题 根据该词后面的宾语从句部分that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies可知，在保留座机的人群中，有三分之一的人认为并不是真的必要，他们只是将其作为一种（心理）安慰。security blanket (儿童借以得到安全感的)安慰毯，安慰物。故可推断concede语意与admit接近。

26.C 推理判断题 由第四段compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years可知，出生于婴儿潮时期的人可能会五十年间使用同一个家庭电话号码，由此可推知，他们保留使用座机的习惯，选C项。Baby Boomer 婴儿潮一代。

27. B 推理判断题 最后一段作者以两个问句的形式暗示了座机的未来。街边的煤气路灯和早晨的送奶服务都已不在，不知道在多久的以后座机也会是这样子的呢。故选项B正确。

知识点：

Baby Boomer：英文中把在婴儿潮时期出生的婴儿称为baby boomer。婴儿潮(baby boom) 这个词的首次出现，主要是指美国第二次世界大战后的“4664”现象——从1946年至1964年，这18年间婴儿潮人口高达7 800万人。

这一代人成长于战后美国百业复苏以及经济腾飞的黄金期，享受过慷慨的政府补贴、战后住房和教育福利以及国家暴涨的财富；在20世纪后五十年的美国，他们也亲历过冷战、古巴导弹危机、肯尼迪刺杀、首次登月、越南战争、伍德斯托克音乐节等特定历史事件。

出生、成长于独特的社会转型期，战后婴儿潮一代从最反叛的一代人历练成为富裕的美国精英阶层，他们更是实现美国梦的典型代表。维基百科的数据显示，战后婴儿潮一代拥有美国80%以上的个人金融资产和超过50%的消费支出；他们购买了市场上77%的处方药，以及80%的休闲旅游服务。

Generation X （X一代）指出生于20世纪60年代中期至70年代末的一代人。美国1776年建国至20世纪60年代共经历了十三代人，因此60年代至70年代末出生的Generation X这代人亦被称为The Thirteenth Generation。“X代”或“X代人”一语首创于加拿大作家道格拉斯·库普兰（Douglas Cou-pland）所著《X代：加速文化的故事》（1991）（Generation X：Tales for Accelerated Culture）一书的书名。作者在书中着力描述刻画了这代人（“X代人”大致出生于1965—1980这个年代）的处世态度。因他们对前途无法预定，又不愿从事、采取已适应于他们父辈的职业和生活方式。这样，他们的人生品质便成了“未知”或“虚无”的。为此，作者便冠以这代人为“X代人”这一称谓了（X 表示“未知数”）。

Generation Y（Y一代）指20世纪80年代后至本世纪初出生的美国年轻人，人数逾7600万。“Y一代”乐观自信，执着坦率，有主见，知识面广。对“Y一代”而言，自主创业已成了他们生存的安全网，他们借助互联网成长。

C

You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.

At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.

In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic,which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.

Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

28. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?

A. Beautifying the city he lives in.

B. Introducing eco-friendly products.

C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.

D. Reducing garbage on the beach.

29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?

A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.

B. To explain why they are useful.

C. To voice his views on modern art.

D. To find a substitute for them.

30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?

A. Calming.

B. Disturbing

C. Refreshing

D. Challenging.

31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety

B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art

C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies

D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures

参考答案：28-31 CABD

本文选自The Huffington Post。《赫芬顿邮报》（The Huffington Post）是一个新闻博客网站，兼具有博客自主性与媒体公共性，通过“分布式”的新闻发掘方式和以WEB2.0为基础的社会化新闻交流模式而独树一帜。通过对赫芬顿邮报的报道内容进行分析，可以发现其在聚合网络社群，推动公共交流等方面的积极作用。《赫芬顿邮报》是一个美国主要的新闻网站、聚合博客。2005年，由阿里亚纳·赫芬顿（Arianna Huffington）与肯尼斯·勒利尔（Kenneth Lerer）和乔纳·佩雷蒂（Jonah Peretti）共同创建。这篇文章选自《赫芬顿邮报》2019年4月22日的一篇文章：This Artist Transforms Ocean Plastics Into Stunning Sculptures

。原文链接：https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ocean-plastics-art-ben-von-wong_n_5cba2594e4b06605e3ee7ea0

本文讲述了加拿大摄影师本杰明 (Benjamin Von Wong) 因为注意到塑料污染导致的环境问题，打破创作边界，用回收而来的废旧塑料吸管创作了一件装置艺术作品，以此来提醒人们要警惕我们所生产、消费的塑料垃圾，以及提高人们对改善环境问题的参与意识。

28. C 推理判断题 由第一段最后两句可知，艺术家本杰明Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作了很多雕塑品，以此来迫使人们重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系，从而引发公众对塑料垃圾的关注，故选C。29. A 主旨大意题 第三段开头就提到了全球塑料垃圾的回收率仅有百分之九。又由下文的because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.可知，这一段作者讨论塑料吸管的目的，就是为了表明它们的回收利用很困难。30. B 推理判断题 由第四段第二句可知，对标题为Truckload of Plastic这个艺术品而言，本杰明Von Wong和志愿者们收集了10 000多件塑料，然后将它们绑在一起，将它们做成像是从一辆卡车里一下倾倒出来一样，震撼的同时，让人不安。31. D 主旨大意题 本文讲述了加拿大摄影师本杰明 (Benjamin Von Wong) 因为注意到塑料污染导致的环境问题，打破创作边界，用回收而来的废旧塑料创作了一些让人印象深刻的艺术作品，希望能藉此唤醒公众对海洋塑料污染的意识，也给大公司施压，迫使它们减少塑料使用。故D项作为标题较佳。

D

During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.

The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝),70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.

So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.

32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?

A. It helps him concentrate.

B. It blocks out background noise.

C. It has a pleasant atmosphere.

D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.

33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?

A. Total silence.

B. 50 decibels.

C. 70 decibels.

D. 85 decibels.

34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?

A. Personal privacy unprotected.

B. Limited working space.

C. Restrictions on group discussion.

D. Constant interruptions.

What can we infer about the author from the text?

A. He’s a news reporter. B. He’s on office manager.

C. He’s a professional designer. D. He’s a published writer.

参考答案：32-35 ACDD

本文选自Harvard Business Review。《哈佛商业评论》是一本充满智慧的现代杂志，帮助读者了解全球商业的核心话题，并从中获得启发是其内容遴选的首要要务。这篇文章选自《哈佛商业评论》2017年10月18日的一篇文章：Why You Can Focus in a Coffee Shop but Not in Your Open Office

。原文链接：https://hbr.org/2017/10/why-you-can-focus-in-a-coffee-shop-but-not-in-your-open-office

本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，适度的噪音比完全意义上的安静或更大的噪音环境更有利于人们专注，并提升人们的创造性思维能力。

32.A 细节理解题 由第一段第二句可知，Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”他喜欢共享办公空间是因为他能集中注意力，故选A。

33.C 细节理解题 根据第二段倒数第二句however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups可知，在参加测试的四组人中，70分贝组的表现明显好于其他组。

34.D 细节理解题 根据最后一段前两句可知，So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.在我们想集中注意力时，总是容易被拉进他人的谈话中去，也即被打扰。故选C项。

35. D 推理判断题 根据文章开篇During an interview for one of my books可推知，作者是位已经出过书的作家，故选D。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.

___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.

People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ____37 ___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.

____38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. ___39_____.

And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). __40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”

So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.

A. How do you know the host

B. The first step is to go exploring

C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”

D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers

E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say

F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking

G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most

参考答案：36-40 BCFEG

本文选自网站The Splendid Table。是2013年6月28日的一篇文章：How to be interesting at a dinner party

。原文链接：https://www.splendidtable.org/story/2013/06/28/how-to-be-interesting-at-a-dinner-party

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣。

36.B 本文开篇点明主题，接下来说明了该如何做。空白后意为走出舒适区或者第一次去他人家做客，由此可知，空白处与在宴会上如何变有趣的第一步有关，B项适合。

37.C 由空白后的it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”可知，此处问的问题应是别人是通过什么交通方式来赴宴的，故选C。

38.F 根据空后的If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).可知，F项中的that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking与之对应，选F。

39.E 此处接连介绍了几个应对话多的人的方法，如移走他们的讲台或让他们到厨房帮忙，E项的转变话题让他们插不上嘴符合语境。

40. G 本段介绍了应对宴会尴尬冷场的方法。空前说明打破这种尴尬冷场的唯一方式是赞美主人，因为他们是最能感受到那种尴尬氛围的人。选G。

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41__ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ____42___ of gratitude (感谢).

My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45___ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.

She was __49____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ___50____ at her recovery. As she was ____51___ she was eager to say ___52____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ___53______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague ____54___ to accept it, saying that we were all just ___55___ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then ____56____: “Oh this isn’t for the ___57___ I had. I take that as a ____58____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”

And there you have it. To many people, ___59____ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ___60____ and should be rewarded.

41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor

42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations

43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test

C. brought under discussion D. taken into account

44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering

45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising

46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly

47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving

48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily

49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful

50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment

51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving

52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes

53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded

54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused

55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting

56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported

57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care

58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting

59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building

60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra

参考答案：41-45 CABDA ABCAB DCADB CDBCD

本文选自杂志Nursisng Standard。是2005年3月30日的一篇文章：I Can’t Thank You Enough

。原文链接：https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/royal-college-of-nusing-rcn/i-can-t-thank-you-enoug-PB4rq2e4IT

本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者讲述了自己在做护士时，遇到一位病人向医护人员表达感谢的故事。

41.C 由第三段to each of us in the nursing team及后面的My colleague可推知，作者的职业是护士。

42.A 由文章首句Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.可知，有些情况下只简单地说谢谢显然不够，暗示谢谢应该是有程度差异的，又有本空前后的a range of words that express different...of gratitude (感谢).可知，需要用不同的话语来表达不同程度的感谢。

43.B 作者在文章开头提出对表达感谢的想法，后文讲到与其对应的故事，这句承上启下，指作者的想法在不久之后就得到检验，下文即是故事的开始。故选put to the test 使……接受检验。brush aside 不理会；不顾；bring under discussion 引起讨论；take into account 考虑到，均不符合语境。

44.D 由from a knee replacement operation和get into bed可知，这位病人正处于膝关节手术的恢复过程中。选D。

45.A 由to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack可知，病人是在“试图”到床上休息时，心脏病发倒下了，attempt 试图，符合语境。

46.A 由语境可知，病人试图上床休息时突然倒下，之后检查的结果表明是因为心脏病，故用eventually 最后，表示最终查明。

47.B 由上文The collapse was disastrous,可知，病人此次摔倒后果很严重，由空后的the emergency medical team and good teamwork可知，应填有“需要”意思的词，故选B。

48.C 由空前的表让步的though可知，此处指病人恢复了，尽管（恢复的）比较“慢”。由下文and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks也可验证，用了4周才出院，恢复的比较慢。

49.A 由上文医护人员抢救病人并照顾她直至出院可知，病人应对他们心怀感激。grateful 感激的。

50.B 病人康复出院，医护人员共同分析她的愉快的心情，即同她一样高兴。

51.D 病人康复出院，她要“离开”医院，选leaving。

52.C 病人出院时，她急于跟医护人员道别。say goodbye to 跟……道别。

53.A 上文提到她跟每一位护士道别，此处指她“走到”一位护士面前时。

54.D 由下文护士说的话saying that we were all just ___55___ our job. 和病人的反应The patient looked puzzled,可知，这位护士“拒绝”接受病人的钱。

55.B 由这位护士没有接受病人的钱可知，她此处说他们只是“做”好他们的本职工作。

56.C 病人见护士没有收钱，于是“回答说”，下面是她回答的话，解释了她为什么要给这份钱。

57.D 病人解释给钱并不是为了她得到的“护理”，她在住院期间，得到最多的是护士们的护理，故选D。

58.B 病人此处表达的是，她将护士们对她的护理看作是“理所当然的”，given 已知的事实，理所当然的事情。

59.C 结合上午医护人员挽救病人的生命和病人对护士的感谢原因可知，此处表示对很多人来说，“挽救”生命是职责所在。

60. D 挽救生命是职责所在，给病人做头发却是额外的工作，理应得到回报。与part of the job对应，是“额外的事”，此处extra是名词。

第二节(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:

Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.

参考答案：61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. Activities 70. to have

本文选自网站ThoughtCo.。ThoughtCo.是一个大型教育资源网站，是一个综合学习网站。这个网站有一个专门的版块——English as a Second Language，提供了各种英语tips文章，对于外语学习者的问题和心态摸得很准。写的文章也简洁到位，一篇文章解决一个问题，很适合闲来无事的时候，读一读当醒脑之用。当然，网站还有大量的其他科目的学习方法，是个超级牛的综合网站。如果要修炼成综合性的学霸，这个网站真的值得一看。

本文是其2020年1月23日的一篇文章：An Introduction to Ecotourism。原文链接：https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-ecotourism-1435185

本文是一篇说明文，向大家介绍了生态旅游。

61. educated educate与前面的the traveler是被动关系，故用其-ed形式。

62. development 由空前的the，和benefit需develop在此处作宾语可知，此处用develop的名词形式development。

63. its 由句子结构和后面的名词origin可知，此处应用it的形容词性物主代词做其定语。

64. until 此处考查not...until结构，意为“直到……才……”。

65. the 此处指environmentally-related and adventure travel的越来越受欢迎，表特指，用定冠词the。

66. of types与trips是所属关系，用介词of。

67. visiting 介词of后应用visit的-ing做其宾语。

68. financial 应用finance的形容词形式修饰aid，故用financial。

69. Activities 根据后面的谓语部分range from可知，此处应用activity的复数形式。

70. to have aim to do sth为固定结构，意为“旨在做某事”。

考点分析：本篇语法填空有提示词的7个，无提示词的3个。考查了3个非谓语动词、一个名词复数、两个词性转换、一个代词、一个冠词、两个介词。

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!

答案解析：

Line 1: dish→dishes do the dishes为“固定搭配”，意为“洗碗”。

Line 2: tidying→tidy 由并列连词and可知，此处的tidy应与前面的water并列，时态为一般现在时，故改为tidy。

whatever→whenever 由句意可知，是当需要的时候浇花，改为whenever。

Line 3: benefit a lot doing→benefit a lot from doing benefit from (doing) sth为固定搭配，意为“得益于（做）某事”。

Line 4: was→is 由上下文语境可知，用一般现在时。

Line 5: 删掉are 后面已有谓语动词like，故去掉are。

Line 6：most→more What’s more为固定搭配，意为“更重要的是”。

mentally→mental relaxation前应用形容词形式做定语，故改为mental。

Line 7: our→my 短文以第一人称I叙述，且上文出现过In my opinion，故此处改为my。

hopes→hope 此处省略了主语I，故应用hope的动词原形。

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：

分析优势与不足:

2. 提出学习建议。

注意：

词数100左右；

2. 题目和首句已为你写好。

录音原文

(Text 1)

M: Excuse me, I got lost. I took a bus to city hall, but I can’t find the place.

W: This is the concert hall, not city hall. To go there, you should take the bus at Grand Hotel over there.

(Text 2)

M: Can I help you?

W: I’m looking for a size twelve dress.

M: Oh, let me see. An eight, a ten. Ah, you’re lucky. I have the prettiest dress here in a twelve. Why don’t you try it on?

(Text 3)

W: Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today?

M: No problem. Just go home and take a rest. If there is anything I feel I cannot handle, I’ll call you.

(Text 4)

W: We have a half-day tour, a full-day tour and an evening tour. Which one would you like?

M: What is the schedule of the half-day tour?

W: It sets out at 8:30 a.m. and returns at 2:00 p.m.

(Text 5)

M: Now, what seems to be the trouble, Mrs. Stevens?

W: I’ve been very dizzy lately. And last night, I had some chest pain.

M: Don’t worry. Let me have a look.

(Text 6)

W: Wow. That was a great match. I really like watching tennis games.

M: Me too. I think tennis is an exciting sport.

W: I think so. Do you play tennis, John?

M: Yes, but not very well. Do you play?

W: A little. How about a game on Tuesday afternoon?

M: Sure.

(Text 7)

M: Mrs White, I’m afraid we have to put you on a strict diet. From now on, you’re going to have to stay away from salty food.

W: Does that mean I can’t have any more fast food?

M: Right. You can’t have any fried food or steaks.

W: What about breakfast food like eggs and sausages?

M: Those are all bad for you. But you can have porridge, bread and orange juice.

W: Well, what about lunch and dinner?

M: Have a salad for lunch. As for dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. Fish and chicken are also okay.

W: What about dessert? Can I still have ice cream?

M: Yes, but not too much.

(Text 8)

M: Hi Nancy! You look worried. What’s wrong?

W: Well Daniel, have you ever felt nervous on stage?

M: Sure. Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago? I knew my lines, but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience. As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there, my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.

W: That’s how I feel just thinking about the spelling competition next week.

M: I didn’t know you made it to the finals.

W: I’m worried I’ll get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything, even my own name. I don’t know what to do.

M: Nancy, I know that you’re not going to forget how to spell your name. I’ll help you get through this. I’ll go to the school hall with you to practice. Then I’ll teach you an exercise my baseball coach taught me. Believe me. It works.

W: I feel much better now. Thanks, Daniel.

(Text 9)

W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today, we have invited Prof. Stone to talk about the role of elderly people in our society. Welcome to our show, Prof. Stone.

M: To begin with, I’d like to tell a story from my own life. Several years ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were no longer able to care for themselves very well. My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. Indeed, old age for them, and many old Americans can mean not only the possible failure of one’s health, but the loss of identity and self-worth.

W: Yes, it’s true. What do you have to say about the problem of old age?

M: Many experts have given talks here that have focused on the medical care, and the development of public services for senior citizens. Today, I’d like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that elderly can play and should play in our society.

(Text 10)

W: Talking about personal relationships, well, I’d naturally think of my relationship with my mother. Whenever I need help, my mother is always there for me. She often tells me that I can be anyone I want, as long as I’m confident of myself. She sees my talent and pushes me to do the best I possibly can. As I was growing up, we were often on the move. I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely. But my mother did everything she could to help me feel happy. In fact, so much traveling was really a good thing because it made us close. I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. She gives me the freedom to make mistakes and to learn from them all. Unlike friendships that can fade or break, I know I’ll always be connected to my mother no matter what I face. She is not just a role model, but someone I love.

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）

参考答案

第一部分 听力

A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节

21-23 DCA 24-27 BACB 28-31 CABD 32-35 ACDD

第二节

36-40 BCFEG

第三部分 语言知识运用

第一节

41-60 CABDA ABCAB DCADB CDBCD

第二节

61. educated

62. development

63. its

64. until

65. the

66. of

67. visiting

68. financial

69. Activities

70. to have

第四部分 写作

第一节

Line 1: dish→dishes

Line 2: tidying→tidy; whatever→whenever

Line 3: benefit a lot doing→benefit a lot from doing

Line 4: was→is

Line 5: 删掉are

Line 6：most→more ; mentally→mental

Line 7: our→my; hopes→hope

第二节

略

试卷经校对，其他部分原创。